Mythology
The Major Gods Of Olympus

The ancient Greeks worshipped gods who they believed lived on Mount Olympus. The Romans had similar gods, with different names. The family of Greek and Roman gods and goddesses was large. Their family tree would have more than 50 figures on it. Here are some major gods.

Greek Name

Roman Name

Description

Aphrodite

Venus

Goddess of beauty and of love. She could make people fall in love. Using this skill against other gods made her powerful. Daughter of Zeus/Jupiter

Apollo

Phoebus

Zeus'/Jupiter's son. God of the sun, prophecy, medicine, poetry, and music. Every day, Apollo drove his golden chariot (the Sun) across the sky. He was handsome, coolheaded, and fierce in battle.

Ares

Mars

God of war; protector of the city. Son of Zeus/Jupiter.

Artemis

Diana

Apollo's twin sister, daughter of Zeus/Jupiter. Goddess of the moon and the hunt. A great huntress herself, she punished those who killed animals unnecessarily.

Athena

Minerva

Zeus'/Jupiter's daughter, goddess of wisdom and of war. Scholars, soldiers, and craftsmen prayed to her for sharp wits.

Cronus

Saturn

Father of Jupiter (Zeus), Neptune (Poseidon), Pluto (Hades), Juno (Hera), and Ceres (Demeter).

Demeter

Ceres

Goddess of crops and harvest, sister of Zeus/Jupiter.

Dionysus

Bacchus

God of wine, dancing, and theater. Son of Zeus/Jupiter.

Hades

Pluto

Zeus'/Jupiter's brother, ruler god of the underworld, where the dead lived as ghostly shadows.

Hephaestus

Vulcan

Son of Zeus and Hera (Jupiter and Juno). God of fire, craftsmen and blacksmiths. Ugly and lame, he could work magic with a hammer and anvil.

Hera

Juno

Queen of the gods, wife and sister of Zeus/Jupiter, goddess of marriage. Angered her husband by playing favorites with mortals.

Hermes

Mercury

Messenger god, had winged helmet and sandals. Son of Zeus/Jupiter.

Poseidon

Neptune

Zeus'/Jupiter's brother and god of the sea and of earthquakes. He could unleash storms. Sailors prayed to him for a safe voyage.

Zeus

Jupiter

Sky god, all-powerful king of the gods. Used a lightning bolt to strike down wrongdoers.